Plumbing unit conversions

These are the fixed physics conversions the calculators use — not prices, not conventions that drift. A cubic foot holds 7.48 US gallons; pressure and head relate as 1 psi = 2.31 ft; gas flow converts as BTU/hr ÷ heating value = CFH (nat gas 1000, propane 2516); and pipe volume is 0.0408 × diameter² × length. Apply them in the pipe volume, tankless sizing and BTU ↔ CFH tools.

QuantityConversionUsed for
1 cubic foot7.48 US gallonsVolume conversions
Pressure ↔ head1 psi = 2.31 ftWater pressure & elevation
Pipe water volumegal = 0.0408 × d_in² × L_ftTime-to-hot, purge volume
Water weight1 gallon = 8.34 lbHeat energy (BTU = gal × 8.34 × ΔT)
Natural gasCFH = BTU/hr ÷ 1000Gas flow / pipe capacity
Propane / LPCFH = BTU/hr ÷ 2516Gas flow / pipe capacity
Energy1 kWh = 3412 BTUElectric water heating

Fixed physics conversions, not prices or drifting conventions — the arithmetic backbone of the calculators.